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Antennae Galaxies. Antennae galaxies seen in X rays. Many bright spots are seen, which could be connected to black holes. A very prominent halo of hot gas is also seen. (NASA/Chandra X-ray Observatory/Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory/G. Fabbiano et al.)
Hot Gas. Hot gas in the Perseus galaxy cluster, indicating that stars account for only a small fraction of the mass of the cluster, thus leading to the postulation of dark matter. (NASA/Chandra X-ray Center/Institute of Astronomy/A. Fabian et al.)
Galaxy M101. Sloan Digital Sky Survey image of galaxy M101. Velocity measurements imply the presence of enormous amounts of mass out toward the edge of the disk, comprising a halo of dark matter. (Robert Lupton/SDSS Collaboration)
Galaxy Cluster Image. Hubble Space Telescope image indicating a huge ring of dark matter around the center of galaxy cluster CL0024+17. The computationally modeled dark matter ring spans about 5 million light years and has been digitally superimposed to the image in diffuse blue. (NASA/ESA/M. J. Jee & H. Ford et al./Johns Hopkins Univ.)
Arecibo Observatory. In search of dark matter: The world's largest single-dish radio telescope, the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. The dish is 305 m (1000 ft) in diameter. (National Science Foundation/NAIC Arecibo Observatory)
Composite Image. Chandra X-ray Observatory composite image: Hot, luminous gas (red) separates from dark matter (blue) after the collision of two galaxy clusters about 3 billion light years away. (NASA/CXC/CfA/M. Markevitch et al.)
Spitzer Space Telescope. Artist's concept of the Spitzer Space Telescope against the infrared sky, launched in 2003 to study dark matter and regions of space that are hidden from optical telescopes. The band of light is the glowing dust emission from the Milky Way galaxy. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Dark Matter Mass. Detailed dark matter mass distribution in the cluster CL0024, with gravitationally distorted graph paper overlaid. (Large Synoptic Survey Telescope)
3D Map. A 3D map of the distribution of dark matter in a patch of the universe, going from recent times (left) to about 6.5 billion light years ago (right). (NASA/ESA/R. Massey)